Georges claude, a student of jacques arsine came up with the first working otec plant in 1930. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the temperature difference between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface seawaters to run a heat engine and produce useful work, usually in the form of electricity. The suns heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water and the temperature difference creates thermal energy. Noaa office for coastal management about the office. Otec frameworks utilize the seas regular warm slopethe way that the seas layers of water have distinctive. The practical problem is finding a way to extract that energy and make it available for. Otec ocean thermal energy conversion works by using the temperature gradients found in large bodies of water, where the temperature of water found on the surface is significantly higher than the cold water found deeper down. Otec pdf download this is referred to as otec for ocean thermal energy conversion. Sep 20, 2012 the ocean thermal energy conversion act of 1980, on august 3, 1980. Ocean thermalenergy conversion article about ocean thermal.
Ocean thermal energy conversion otec technology uses a turbine generator to create renewable energy from the temperature difference between cold, deep seawater circulating in the ocean and surface seawater warmed by the sun. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec types renewable energy. Reunion island is heavily dependent on fossil fuels, but seeks to become energy selfsufficient by 2025. Welcome to presentation on seminar topicwelcome to presentation on seminar topic ocean thermal energy conversionocean thermal energy conversion otecotec govt. This constancy differs from the output of renewable resources such as wind and wave energy that sometimes produce intermittent electricity. A signircant fraction of solar radiation incident on the ocean is retained by seawater in tropical. Ocean thermal energy corporation ote builds and operates clean hydrothermal energy plants worldwide using the proven technologies of ocean thermal energy conversion otec and seawaterlake water air conditioning swac. The tropical ocean at a typical otec site has two distinct layers. The oceans are in one sense, therefore, a huge storage tank for solar energy.
Although the ocean thermal resource is abundant, widespread and steady, no commercial otec system has been deployed to date. Basics and information on ocean thermal energy conversion. The suns heat warms the surface of the ocean and this heat is used to vaporize a liquid that has a lower boiling point than water, and generate high pressure, which is used to. Find out information about ocean thermalenergy conversion.
Ocean thermal energy conversion, or otec, uses seawater to turn solar energy into electricity. Otec, or ocean thermal energy conversion, is an energy technology. Otec, or ocean thermal energy conversion, is an energy technology that converts solar radiation to electric power. Pdf modeling of ocean thermal energy conversion otec. The conversion of energy arising from the temperature difference between warm surface water of oceans and cold deep ocean current into electrical energy or. Introductory covering over 70% of the earths surface, water is one of the most amazing energy sources. Ocean thermal energy conversion simple english wikipedia.
Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a process that employs the. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a marine renewable energy technology that harnesses the solar energy absorbed by the oceans to generate electric power. Between now and the 1990s there is a requirement to. Ocean thermal energy conversion act oteca of 1980 limits the ownership, construction and operation of offshore ocean thermal energy facilities and plantships to those licensed by the national oceanic and atmospheric administration noaa.
Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a way of getting useful energy from the worlds oceans. Wave energy conversion and ocean thermal energy conversion. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses large flows of warm surface seawater and cold deep seawater to generate clean electricity. The suns heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water, which creates the oceans naturally available temperature gradient, or thermal energy. Otec ocean thermal energy conversion introduction oceans are the worlds largest solar collectors. Apr 03, 20 ocean thermal energy conversion sph3u i. Following the design, the lockheed martin team went on to build miniotec, a. There are many different technologies that allow for energy production from the ocean, such as generating energy from waves, tides, and ocean temperatures. The upper layer is warmed by the sun and mixed to depths of about 100 m by wave motion. Ocean thermal energy a preliminary assessment of otec resources asme 32007 a new clean renewable 247 energy source surface vs deep water temperature delta large renewable energy source at least 35 terawatts 30% global energy energy security a secure energy source base load power available 247 climate friendly. Ocean thermal energy conversion technology britannica. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec makes use of the temperature differences between the deep cold and relatively warmer surface waters of the ocean to generate a constant, clean source of electricity.
Ocean thermal energy conversion makai ocean engineering. With global warming a certainty, it is imperative that we turn to nonpolluting and renewable sources of energy. The oceans on earth already stored more than two years of solar energy transmitted to earth in the thermal form in the top meter depth. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec has become a serious contender for development as an economic power generation system for the last decade of this century, since the cost of conventional fuels particularly oil rose during and from 1973. Electricity generation by the ocean thermal energy. Ocean thermal energy conversion research papers academia. Sea thermal energy conversion otec is a vitality innovation that changes over sun oriented radiation to electric force. In converting ocean thermal energy to electricity, we would need less than 1 percent of this. Find out information about ocean thermal energy conversion. Energy conversion takahashi, patrick, trenka, andrew on.
Ocean thermal energy otec ocean thermal energy also called as ocean thermal energy conversion otec refers to a method of using the temperature difference between the deep parts of the sea which are cold and the shallow parts of the sea which are cold to run a heat engine and produce useful work. The governor of hawaii, david ige, flipped the switch to activate the plant. From olden times, people had previously utilized the force of the waters in order to crush grain or help them to do their work more efficiently. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec types renewable. Appears that only the closed cycle ccotec and the open ontario separation agreement pdf cycle ocotec schemes. With increasing concerns about global warming, energy security and fossilfuel depletion, this state of affairs is likely to change. Ocean thermal energy conversion is a process using the heat energy that is stored in the ocean. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec, which uses the oceans natural o bem amado dias gomes pdf temperature gradient to drive a turbine connected. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec generates electricity indirectly from solar energy by harnessing the temperature difference between the sunwarmed surface of tropical oceans and the colder deep waters. An ocean thermal energy conversion power plant built by makai ocean engineering went operational in hawaii in august 2015. Ocean thermal energy conversion for many years, scientists have been aware of one enormous reservoir of energy on the earths surface. Ocean thermal energy conversion karen anne finney university of guelph, guelph, ontario, n1g 2w1, canada ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a process that employs the natural temperature difference between the surface and the depths of the ocean. Wave energy conversion and ocean thermal energy conversion potential in developing member countries wave energy conversion wec and ocean thermal energy conversion otec are two potentially significant sources of renewable energy that are available to help the asian development banks adb.
Ocean thermal energy conversion development update. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a baseload renewable energy source that uses the temperature difference between the warm surface ocean water and the cold deep ocean water to generate electricity. New idb report on ocean energy potential in barbados the interamerican development bank idb has published a report on the potential of ocean energy in barbados. The oceans collect a huge amount of the worlds heat energy. Closed cycle ocean thermal energy conversion otec december 15, 2009 leave a comment go to comments darsonvals original concept used a working fluid with a low boiling point, such as ammonia, which is vaporized using the. Ocean thermal energy conversion systems convert the energy available in the temperature gradient of the warm surface. This paper discusses about the ocean energy, ocean thermal energy potential, ocean thermal energy conversion by the close, open and hybrid cycles, environmental impact and special conditions of these process. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec generates electricity indirectly from solar energy by harnessing the temperature difference between the sunwarmed. Ocean thermalenergy conversion article about ocean. This is referred to as otec for ocean thermal energy conversion.
Ocean thermal electric conversion otec is a kind of renewable energy technology that relies on solar energy that is absorbed by the ocean to generate electric power. It relies on the oceans thermal gradient the temperature decline from the sunwarmed waters on the surface to the cold waters found at great depths. Dec 15, 2009 closed cycle ocean thermal energy conversion otec december 15, 2009 leave a comment go to comments darsonvals original concept used a working fluid with a low boiling point, such as ammonia, which is vaporized using the heat extracted from the warm surface water. In order to produce power with the low temperature range, a working fluid with low boiling point is used. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec, form of energy conversion that makes use of the temperature differential between the warm surface waters of the oceans, heated by solar radiation, and the deeper cold waters to generate power in a conventional heat engine. Otec uses the heat differences between deep and shallow ocean waters to evaporate a fluid to run a steam turbine and generate.
Nonconventional sources of energy are turning out to be extremely important sources of energy for mankind. Ocean thermal energy conversion an overview sciencedirect. It relies on the oceans thermal gradient the temperature decline from the sunwarmed waters on the surface to. One such source of energy is ocean thermal energy conversionotec. First introduced in 1881, otec has been described as an effective and renewable energy source. The sun shines on the oceans of the world and in the hot parts near the water at the seas surface can be quite warm, sometimes as high as 30c. Otec international llc a leader in ocean thermal energy conversion commercialization author. Pichtr honolulu, hi abstract the vertical temperature distribution in the open ocean can be simplistically described as consisting of two layers separated by an interface.
Otec ocean thermal energy conversion was first proposed in 1881. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec is a method of generating energy that uses the temperature differences between warm surface water and colder deep seawater to produce energy. It relies on the ocean s thermal gradient the temperature decline from the sunwarmed waters on the surface to the cold waters found at great depths. Ocean thermal energy conversion introduction ocean thermal energy is a renewable form of energy.
Otec news reports on ocean thermal energy conversion, seawater air conditioning and related technologies. Otec is applicable to most parts of the worlds deep oceans between 20 o north. With increases in energy prices and technical innovations over the last few years, otec systems, such the one produced by the ocean thermal energy corporation, are becoming viable technological solutions to help provide some of the worlds energy requirements. This is the first true closedcycle ocean thermal energy conversion otec plant to be connected to a u. The conversion of energy arising from the temperature difference between warm surface water of oceans and cold deepocean current into electrical energy or. Otec is applicable to most parts of the worlds deep oceans between 20 o. Ocean thermal energy conversion otec uses the ocean thermal gradient between cooler deep and warmer shallow or surface seawaters to run a heat engine and produce useful work, usually in the form of electricity. Cost effective otec ocean thermal energy conversion.
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